Source: Joseph Linskill. The Poems of the Troubadour Raimbaut de Vaqueiras. The Hague: Mouton, 1964.

• This text, written by a non-native user of the language, perhaps to ridicule Gascon, is included for its historical interest. The manuscript tradition makes it an unreliable source for linguistic study, but the text does contain some interesting features.

  Only the lines in Gascon from this poem have been included here: one entire strophe and two lines of the final strophe.

• The edition is literary, not linguistic or diplomatic. For this section of the poem, Linskill has relied primarily on the Catalan Sg (Z) manuscript. As he points out (p. 191), it “consistently preserves the interesting Gasconism h- for f-.” It should be pointed out, however, that this orthographic trait is not part of the Gascon tradition in this period: in Gascon texts [h] is consistently represented by ‘f’.

  Explanation of editorial principles